Tag Archives: DFIR

On the trail of spammers

spam

[17 Feb edit: updated the information and added in the link to the spreadsheet]

One of my weird(er) interests is to collect spam samples, not all spam though, the specific ones that were sent from friends’ email accounts. I’ve even asked for people to send me samples of such spam to me back in 2011 (the call for samples still stands though. More spam! More spam!).

What these spammers do with compromised email accounts is to send out spam using their email identities, in the hopes that someone would click through, and you know the rest.  What’s not very effective of such spam campaigns though, is that these spam would only contain a single URL in the body with no subject line at all.  Good for circumventing spam filters, not so good for getting even the careless to click through.  Lucky for us.

This type of spam has been sent since pre-2011
This type of spam has been sent since pre-2011 days

While the volume of such spam mails have been coming in at a trickle’s pace, they have always been coming in all these years.  The situation changed all of a sudden since yesterday:

influx of spam 14 feb 2013
Open the (spam) floodgates!

While there have been Yahoo! Webmail XSS vulnerabilities publicly known, and even sold in underground markets granting illegal access to Yahoo! Webmail accounts, this is still weird: Why would these accounts be used to send so much spam all of a sudden?  Did somebody accidentally dispatch a massive spam job through all the Yahoo accounts they had control over?

(If you have a Yahoo! Webmail account, it is highly recommended that you change your password (to a good one), and make sure that no one else has any way of regaining access to your webmail identity.)

After some digging around, the trail (all the redirected requests triggered AV alerts) becomes pretty obvious.  Looks like someone got greedy (or careless) here, because all the trails end at the same point…

Here’re some of the findings in spreadsheet form (last update 17 Feb 2013).  The links sent in the spam emails are all for .de (German) websites, which in turn redirect to what appears to be a site for work-from-home schemes.

Continue reading On the trail of spammers

Detecting malware beacons using Splunk

mouseover outlier barsNote: Although this was created some time back (sorry for sharing this so late), there’re improvements to be made still.  Discussions are always welcomed.

When responding to an enterprise network compromise, one big question (and source of pressure) is that network IOCs need to be determined quickly. While this information would usually come from the malwares/tools used in the compromise, the fact that the surfacing of network IOCs and triaging being done in parallel presents a Catch-22 situation: How do we find machines and malware without network IOCs available? How do we get network IOCs without analyzing any machines/malware suspects?
Continue reading Detecting malware beacons using Splunk

Ubuntu profiles for Volatility

VolatilityJust to share some profiles I made for analyzing Ubuntu (Linux) memory dumps in Volatility.

Profiles were made according to the instructions in http://code.google.com/p/volatility/wiki/LinuxMemoryForensics

HTH!